In clinical practice, symptoms of test anxiety are mostly diagnosed as a specific phobia (with respect to test anxiety) or social phobia (with respect to fear of performance evaluation) ( 1).
#Fear of growing up test manual#
Neither ICD-10 (International Classification of Mental Disorders) ( 4) nor DSM 5 (Diagnostical and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) ( 5) list test anxiety as a separate diagnosis. Notwithstanding the frequency of the occurrence of test anxiety and the psychological burden for those affected, test anxiety is not listed as a diagnostic entity within current classification frameworks. Avoidance of exam situations, or at least, rumination about avoiding future exams can be observed among individuals suffering from test anxiety. Those affected by test anxiety typically report feelings of despair, hopelessness and failure, but also panic-like physiological reactions such as accelerated heart rate, bladder and intestinal activation, sweating, and nausea. Negatively distorted perceptions of the exam, its relevance, and its outcome are commonly reported with associated difficulties in concentration. Test anxiety is expressed by cognitive, affective, physiological and behavioral levels ( 3). Test anxiety is a common phenomenon among pupils, college students, and university students, with occurrence rates between 20 and 40% being reported among students ( 1, 2). Further investigations with respect to the impact of test-related mental images on the self-efficacy/test-anxiety linkage are needed. Mediation analyses showed that about one fifth of the influence of self-efficacy on test anxiety is mediated by IFES.ĭiscussion: The present study gives first indication about an association between test anxiety, self-efficacy and mental images, even though the results are limited with respect to generalizability. Test anxiety showed a positive correlation with IFES and a negative correlation with self-efficacy.
Results: Test-related mental images were frequently reported among the surveyed students. Test anxiety (PAF), general self-efficacy (WIRKALL-r), study-related self-efficacy (WIRK_STUD), intrusiveness of mental images (IFES), spontaneous use of imagery (SUIS) and vividness of imagery (VVIQ) were examined. Method: One hundred sixty-three university students completed an online survey. In order to close this gap, the present study investigates the association between test anxiety, self-efficacy and mental images. Previous research has indicated the relevance of mental images in the maintenance of anxiety disorders, however, no data are available with respect to test anxiety. 4Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Clinic of Ulm, Ulm, Germanyīackground and Objectives: A substantial portion of students report test anxiety, and those reporting low levels of self-efficacy seem to be especially affected.3Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
Anna Maier 1, Caroline Schaitz 1, Julia Kröner 2, Alexander Berger 1, Ferdinand Keller 3, Petra Beschoner 4, Bernhard Connemann 1 and Zrinka Sosic-Vasic 2 *
0 kommentar(er)
